An Analysis on Influences of Spacing of Emergency Parking Harbors on Driving Behaviors
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摘要: 高速公路港湾式紧急停车带间距会影响驾驶行为及行车安全,目前国内外尚未有对港湾式紧急停车带间距与驾驶行为的关系进行研究,为了研究两者的相关性,利用大型8自由度高仿真驾驶模拟实验平台展开实验研究.实验选取15名驾驶员,在250~1 500 m(间隔为250 m)的间距水平下记录其驾驶行为.单因子方差检验结果表明,对横向偏移及速度的检验p值均远远小于0.05(p=5.3e-06<0.05;p=1.7e-13<0.05),表明港湾式紧急停车带不同间距水平与车辆横向偏移量、速度显著相关.港湾式紧急停车带间距水平为750 m时,驾驶员横向偏移量(偏移量O=0.657 m)较小,车辆的横向稳定性最好,同时此间距水平下的车辆运行速度(速度V=96.99 km/h)也最接近设计速度,驾驶行为较为协调;超过1 000 m后,横向偏移量及速度不再明显变化,间距对驾驶行为的影响较弱.实验中模拟道路场景为单一平直路段,未来可考虑研究复杂场景下(存在线形组合、交通流)港湾式紧急停车带间距与驾驶行为的关系.
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关键词:
- 交通安全 /
- 港湾式紧急停车带间距 /
- 横向偏移规律 /
- 速度规律 /
- 方差分析
Abstract: Spacing of emergency parking harbors on highways influences driving behaviors and safety of drivers.Few studies have focused on the correlation between driving behaviors and spacing of harbors.Experiments are conducted using a large 8-DOF driving simulation platform to study the correlation between the spacing of harbors and the speed and lateral offset of vehicles.This study records driving behaviors of 15 drivers when the spacing of emergency parkingharbors is 250-1 500 m (the interval is 250 m).Results of ANOVA conduct that the p-value is much smaller than 0.05 (p=5.3e-06 < 0.05;p=1.7e-13 < 0.05) when analyzing lateral offset and speed, which shows that there is a significant correlation between the spacing of harbors and the speed and lateral offset of vehicles.When emergency parking harbor areas are set in the spacing of 750 m, the driving behaviors are more coordinated (the lateral offset is 0.675 m, and the speed is 96.99 km/h).When the spacing increases to 1 000 m, it barely influences driving behaviors.However, in the experiments, the geometric alignment is simply straight.As the combination of the geometric alignments and the traffic flow are not considered, further study is needed in this area.-
Key words:
- traffic safety /
- spacing of emergency parking harbor /
- law of lateral offset /
- law of speed /
- ANOVA
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